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                                        • Effectiveness of music therapy

                                        Effectiveness of music therapy

                                        Adobestock-297223200-von-freshidea
                                        Research area: Psychological & psychiatric interventions

                                        Project leaders: Claudia Wild

                                        Project team: Lucia Gassner, Julia Mayer-Ferbas

                                        Laufzeit: Juni bis Oktober 2020
                                        Sprache: Englisch mit deutscher Zusammenfassung 

                                        Publication: HTA Projektbericht No. 133: http://eprints.aihta.at/1280/

                                         

                                         

                                        Background:

                                        Music therapy aims at maintaining, restoring, and furthering physical, emotional, and mental health within a therapeutic relationship [1, 2]. It is used as a complementary, creative arts treatment for non-verbal communication and expression with the general goal to improve quality of life and to relieve symptom distress [2]. Music therapists treat individuals with psychosocial or physiological diseases by tones and rhythms; the therapy is an effective method to eliminate psychosomatic disorders [1]. It is offered in health-care settings such as geriatrics, psychiatry, oncology, and palliative care [2]. Active and receptive forms of music therapy as possible methodological approaches can be distinguished [2]. 

                                        Music therapy as a health profession was legally recognised in Austria in 2009 (MuthG, Federal Act on the Professional Practice of Music Therapy, Federal Law Gazette I No. 93/2008) [3]. Every music therapist must be registered on the list of music therapists, maintained by the Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care, and Consumer Protection [3].

                                        The development of the last decades shows the numerical growth of the occupational group from 261 in July 2012 to 433 music therapists in June 2020 (http://musiktherapie.ehealth.gv.at/) [3, 4]. Since the number of training institutions has increased to three in recent years (University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems, University of Music and Performing Arts Graz), an even more significant increase in the number of professional music therapists can be expected in the future [3].

                                        Aim of the project and research questions (RQ):

                                        The project aims to provide decision support for the reimbursement of different music therapeutic approaches for various indications. The following research questions will be answered:

                                        • RQ1: In which (psychiatric/psychological and non-psychiatric/-psychological) indications music therapy is used?
                                        • RQ2: Which therapeutic music method is used for which indications? Active and/or receptive music therapy?
                                        • RQ3: What evidence of effectiveness is available in the individual indications?

                                        Methods:

                                        The following methods are used to answer the research questions:

                                        • RQ1: Scoping: Identification of all potential indications with the help of music therapists (expert interviews)
                                        • RQ1: Selection of indications including psychiatric/psychological indications (e.g., dementia, depression, schizophrenia) and non-psychiatric/-psychological indications (e.g., neonatology, intensive care, pain patients)
                                        • RQ1, RQ2, RQ3: Review of Reviews: Systematic literature search for reviews, selection using RoB / Risk of Bias instruments (AMSTAR), synthesis and, if necessary, update of the reviews for the various indications.

                                        Description

                                        Project scope

                                        Population

                                        Children, adolescents and adults with medical indications (exclusion: prisoners/inmates/offenders)

                                        Intervention

                                        Active and receptive music therapeutic interventions

                                        Comparison

                                        Standard treatment and no treatment (e.g., waiting list)

                                        Outcomes

                                        Effectiveness outcomes of the individual indications

                                        • Symptom relief
                                        • Quality of life

                                        Safety outcomes

                                        • Adverse events
                                        • Side effects

                                        Study designs

                                        Settings

                                        Publication period

                                        Languages

                                        Systematic reviews/HTAs

                                        Inpatient and outpatient care

                                        2010 – June 2020

                                        English, German, Spanish

                                        Workflow is organized according to the principle of dual control (LG, JM); the results are subject to internal and external reviewers.

                                        Time schedule/ milestones:

                                        Period

                                        Tasks

                                        June 2020

                                        Scoping with music therapists for indications

                                        Systematic search in several databases

                                        Selection of literature and acquisition

                                        July 2020

                                        RoB assessment (AMSTAR) of the identified systematic reviews /HTAs,

                                        Selection and, if necessary, targeted update search

                                        August-September 2020

                                        Synthesis of reviews (reviews of reviews) of selected indications

                                        October 2020

                                        Peer review and publication

                                        References:

                                        1.            Li Y, Xing X, Shi X, Yan P, Chen Y, Li M, et al. The effectiveness of music therapy for patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(5):1111-23.

                                        2.            Kohler F, Martin ZS, Hertrampf RS, Gabel C, Kessler J, Ditzen B, et al. Music Therapy in the Psychosocial Treatment of Adult Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol. 2020;11:651.

                                        3.            Phan Quoc E, Riedl H, Smetana M, Stegemann T. Music therapy in Austria: A national survey study on the professional situation of music therapists. Musiktherapeutische Umschau. 2019;40(3).

                                        4.            Geretsegger M. Music therapy in Austria. Proceedings of Bridging Nations and Ideas.  2012 World Music Therapy Association Presidential Reports at the Seoul Summit Meeting; Seoul, Korea: Korean Music Therapy Association; 2012. p. pp. 43-53.

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